Understanding Dense Breast Tissue And Your Cancer Risk

Dense breast tissue is a common condition affecting many women, but it’s important to understand how it can impact your health. While dense tissue isn’t harmful on its own, it can make mammograms harder to interpret, potentially making it more difficult to detect breast cancer early. Women with dense breasts also have a slightly higher risk of developing breast cancer.

What Is Dense Breast Tissue?

Breast tissue is made up of three main components: fatty tissue, milk-producing glands, and fibrous connective tissue. Dense breasts have more glandular and fibrous tissue and less fatty tissue. Dense breasts are quite common, affecting around 40% of women in the United States. Hormonal changes at different stages of a woman's life — such as during pregnancy or as she ages — can affect breast density.

New Guidelines For Mammograms

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently updated its guidelines to require mammogram facilities to notify women whether they have dense breast tissue. This new regulation helps women understand their breast health and take proactive steps.

Understanding Your Mammogram Report

Your mammogram report will include a Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) score, which classifies breast tissue from A to D based on density:

• A: Mostly fatty tissue (least dense)
• B: Scattered tissue
• C: Heterogeneously dense tissue
• D: Extremely dense tissue (most dense)

If your report indicates that your breast tissue is dense (C or D), it’s important to review this with your health care provider. They can explain what this means for you and discuss any next steps, such as additional screening or follow-up appointments.

Follow-Up Appointments And Additional Screening

If your mammogram shows areas of concern, your provider may recommend further testing, like an ultrasound, to gather more information. This can clarify whether a mass is present or if the dense tissue is just making it more difficult to see. Your provider will also consider your personal and family history of breast cancer, along with other risk factors, when determining if additional screening is needed.

Stay Proactive With Self-Exams

In addition to regular mammograms, it’s crucial to perform regular breast self-exams. Get familiar with how your breasts normally feel and look. If you notice any changes — such as lumps, pain or nipple discharge — contact your doctor immediately.

For more information on breast health services, visit www.umbwmc.org/breast-care. 

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